Morphological Characterization of 10 Clones of Superior Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Mutants Resulting from Colchicine Induction at PT Gunung Madu Plantations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22452/mjs.vol45no3.3Keywords:
sugarcane, colchicine, superior clones, morphology, relationshipsAbstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a sugar-producing plant commonly cultivated in tropical climates. However, frequent decline in its productivity often results in unmet sugar demand. Sugarcane breeding techniques are thus required to increase productivity using the chemical mutagen colchicine. This study aims to evaluate the diversity of morphological traits of 10 superior mutant sugarcane clones induced by colchicine, derived from the varieties GMP6, RGM047, RGM1183, and RGM186. It was conducted at PT Gunung Madu Plantations using a randomized block design. Experimental units were grouped according to their original variety GMP6 (clones 36, 44, and 63), RGM047 (clones 160 and 162), RGM1183 (clones 200, 202, and 226), and RGM186 (clones 293 and 296), with 3 replicates. The parameters observed included germination grading, ground cover, leaves, and leaf midribs. Data analysis was performed using the Multivariate Statistics Package (MVSP) version 3.2, and genetic distance was used in cluster analysis using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). The results indicated significant differences in germination, ground coverage, leaf, and frond characteristics. Cluster analysis revealed a relatively close phenetic relationship between the original varieties and their superior mutant clones. These results suggest that colchicine induction effectively generates genetic variation among the 10 superior mutant sugarcane clones.
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