SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF MALARIA AND LAND COVER PATTERNS IN OGONI LAND, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

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Published: Oct 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22452/mjs.vol42no3.12
Keywords:
Malaria distribution, Land cover, GIS, Remote Sensing, Pearson correlation

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Sylvia Egbom
Environmental Health Science Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8988-5700
Florence Onyemachi Nduka
Animal and Environmental Biology Department, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, NIGERIA.
Sidney Obidimma Nzeako
Animal and Environmental Biology Department, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, NIGERIA.
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8361-2526
Chigozie C. Ikechukwu
Department of Geology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8748-4202
Joseph I. Nwachukwu
Environmental Management Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.
Chinonye O. Ezenwaka
Biology Department, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa, NIGERIA.
Charity O. Ihejirika
Environmental Health Science Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.
Martin C. Opara
Environmental Health Science Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.
Emilia O. Anyanwu
Environmental Health Science Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.
Blessing O. Agoh
Biology Department, College of Education, Warri, NIGERIA.
Justin N. Okorondu
Environmental Management Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.
Grace C. Egwuogu
Environmental Health Science Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.

Abstract

The distribution of malaria is characterised by microgeographic variations determined by a range of factors, including the local environment. A study on the spatial distribution of malaria about land cover patterns was carried out by sampling Primary Health Centres in Ogoni Land. Nine Primary Healthcare Centres (PHCs) were selected across four local government areas (LGA) using Systematic Grid Point Sampling. Human blood samples were obtained from 318 consented individuals, and questionnaires were administered to obtain demographic data. Plasmodium species were identified through microscopy using thick and thin blood films. A geodatabase was created and imported into ArcGIS 10.7 to produce a thematic map of the study area. A cloud-free Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) was employed for land cover analysis. Both supervised and unsupervised classifications of land cover were performed to generate the land cover classes. Pearson correlation was carried out to determine the significance between malaria distribution and land cover. Of the 318 individuals, 169 were infected with an overall prevalence of 53.1%.Only P. falciparum was identified and malaria distribution showed spatial variations. Across the PHCs sampled, the highest point prevalence was recorded in Model Primary Health Centre Koroma in Tai LGA whereas the lowest was recorded in MPHC Okwale in Khana LGA. Cumulatively, Kwawa PHC recorded the highest malaria prevalence whereas MPHC Bunu in Tai recorded the lowest prevalence. The highest prevalence was recorded in Khana LGA while the lowest was recorded in Eleme LGA. Land cover analysis revealed that Ogoni Land has a total land cover mass of 982.97km.2 Sparse vegetation dominated the study area (471.06km2) while dense vegetation covers a total mass of 213.1km2. Bivariate analysis showed a significant correlation between malaria prevalence and dense vegetation (p<0.05, 0.952). Dense vegetation played a significant role in malaria transmission in Ogoni Land. The study concludes that the presence of dense vegetation is associated with high malaria prevalence in the study area.

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How to Cite
Egbom, S., Nduka, F. O., Nzeako, S. O. ., Ikechukwu, C. C., Joseph I. Nwachukwu, Chinonye O. Ezenwaka, Charity O. Ihejirika, Martin C. Opara, Emilia O. Anyanwu, Blessing O. Agoh, Justin N. Okorondu, & Grace C. Egwuogu. (2023). SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF MALARIA AND LAND COVER PATTERNS IN OGONI LAND, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA. Malaysian Journal of Science, 42(3), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.22452/mjs.vol42no3.12
Issue
Vol 42 No 3 (2023): October
Section
Original Articles

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Author Biographies

Florence Onyemachi Nduka, Animal and Environmental Biology Department, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, NIGERIA.

Department of Animal and Environmental Biology,

Rank: Professor

Chigozie C. Ikechukwu, Department of Geology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, NIGERIA.

Department of Geology

 

Research Student

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