A SENSITIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR TRACE AMOUNTS DETERMINATION OF PROMETHAZINE IN DRUG FORMULATIONS VIA ION PAIR COMPLEX FORMATION
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Published:
Feb 26, 2021
Keywords:
Promethazine HCI sensitivity of system spectrophotometric approach ion pair complex pharmaceutical products
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Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper discusses a quick and easy spectrophotometric approach for the estimation of promethazine HCl drug in a pure and pharmaceutical formulation. This system relies on the instruction of colour ion-pair between complexes. Promethazine HCl is reacted in acidic medium with methyl blue dye resulting in the formulation of a coloured product with a maximum absorption of 480 nm. In order to increase the sensitivity of the system, parameters of the reaction conditions were studied and optimised. Beer's law was applied on all the concentrations of 2.0 – 100.0 μg/ml, with 1.420 μg/ml and 6.088× 104 l/mol.cm as detection limit and molar absorptivity respectively. After plotting the calibration graph, the method's precision was checked and it was found the values were within the accurate range. The impact of widespread interferences on the current approach was examined. The method was utilised to estimate promethazine HCl in various pharmaceutical products available with fine recoveries in the market.
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Al-Rufaie, M. M. M. (2021). A SENSITIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR TRACE AMOUNTS DETERMINATION OF PROMETHAZINE IN DRUG FORMULATIONS VIA ION PAIR COMPLEX FORMATION. Malaysian Journal of Science, 40(1), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.22452/mjs.vol40no1.7
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References
Al-Rufaie, M. M., Al-Sharefy, A.N. & Kathem, K.H. (2013): Spectrophotometric Determination of Doxycycline Hyclate in Pharmaceutical Preparations Using Oxidative coupling reaction. J. of Applicable Chemistry 2(4), 931-
936.
Al-Rufaie, M.M., Al-Sharefy, A.N. & Kathem, K.H. (2013): New spectrophotometric method for the determination chlorpromazine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations by using oxidative coupling reaction. Inter. J. of Uni. Pharmacy and Bio Sciences 2(4),
19-26.
Al-Rufaie, M. M. (2016): New spectrophotometric method for the determination of Sulfamethoxazole drug. W. J. of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. 5(3), 172-
180.
Al-Rufaie, M.M. (2016): Modern kinetic spectrophotometric procedure for estimation of furosemide drug as bulk form and in pharmaceuticals preparations. Curr. Issues Pharm. Med. Sci. 29(4), 184-190.
Al-Rufaie, M.M., Al-labban, H. M.Y. & Salih, N.S. (2017): Reduction and assessment of chloramphenicol antibiotic as pure from and in various kinds of pharmaceuticals by utilizing spectrophotometric approach. Iran. J. of Org. Chem.
9(2), 2087-2092.
AL-Ward, H. S. (2005): Spectrophotometric micro determination of promethazine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations via oxidative coupling reaction with sulphanilamide and
in the presence of ferric chloride. Journal of Um-Salama for Science
2, 110-119.
Ahmed K. H., Bahruddin, A. Sulaiman S.
& Rohana A. (2011): Ionophore- Based Potentiometric Sensors for the Flow-Injection Ionophore- Based Potentiometric Sensors for the Flow-Injection "Determination of promethazine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Human Urine.J. Sensors. 11(1),
1028-1132.
Basavaiah K. (2004): Determination of some psychotropic phenothiazine drugs by charge-transfer complication reaction with chloranil acid.IIFarmaco 59, 315-
322.
Baxter, R.I., Svehla, G. Kerr, B. & Woolfson A.D. (1984): Determination of promethazine by anodic differential pulse voltammetry. Anal. Chim. Acta 64,
171-176.
Calatayud, J. M. & Sancho T.G. (1992): Spectrophotometric determination of promethazine by flow-injection analysis and oxidation by Ce IV. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 10, 7-13.
Calatayud, J. M, Sarrion, S.N., Sampedro A.S., & Benito C.G. (1992): Determination of promethazine hydrochloride with bromophenol blue by a turbid metric method and flow injection analysis. Microchem. J.45, 129-137.
Daniel, D. & Gutz I.G.R. (2003): Flow injection spectroelectro analytical method for the determination of promethazine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations. Anal. Chim. Acta.494 (1-2), 215-222.
Hanaa, K.A.T., Al-Rufaie, M.M. & Zahraa, Y.M. (2018): Spectrophotometric determination of metoclopramide medicine in bulk form and in pharmaceuticals using orcinol as reagent. Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 29 (2), 85-89.
Hemn, A.Q. & Nabil, A. F. (2017): Spectrophotometric Determination of Promethazine Hydrochloride in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. ZANCO J. of Pure and Applied Sci.29 (s4), 107,118.
Howard, C.A., Loyd, V. A. & Nicholas, G.
P. (1990): Pharmaceutical dosage forms and Drug Delivery Systems, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, p.51.
Ibrahim, E.A., Issa, A.S., Abdel salam, M.A. & Mahrous, M.S. (1983): The use of chloranil for spectrophotometric determination of some tranquillizers and antidepressants. Talanta 30, 531-
540.
Jawad, A.A. & K. H. Kathem (2013): Spectrophotometric determination of metoclopramide hydrochloride in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations by diazotization- coupling reaction. Inter. J. of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5, 294-299.
Khaleda, H. A. & Zainab, W. A. (2011): Construction of promethazine Hydrochloride Selective Electrode in a PVC matrix Membrane. J. of AL-Nahrain University- Sci. 14(4),
11-17.
Kubacak, P., Mikus, P., Valaskova I. & Havranek, E. (2005): Determination of promethazine hydrochloride in pharmaceuticals by capillary isotachophoresis.
Methods Findings Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 27, 529-531.
Muijselaar, P.G.H.M., Claessens H.A. & Cramers, C.A. (1996): Determination of structurally related Phenothiazines by capillary zone electrophoresis and micellar electro kinetic chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 735, 395-401.
Nabil, S. N., Shahbaz, A. M.S. & Bashaer, A. A. (2008): Preparation and Potentiometric Study of promethazine Hydrochloride Selective Electrodes and Their Use in Determining Some Drugs. Turk J Chem.32, 539-544.
Najim, A. S., Nief, R.A. & Mona, I.I. (2006): spectrophotometric determination of promethazine hydrochloride VIA oxidative coupling reaction with sulfanilic acid. App.Sci.3, 1-8.
Nina, A. & Zahra, R. (2012): Extractive Spectrophotometric determination of Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole AND Fluconazole by ion –pair complex formation with bromothymol blue and picric acid. J. Chil. Chem. Soc.57 (2), 1104-
1111.
Pena, L. D. L., Gomez-Hens, A. & Perez- Bendito, D. (1993): Kinetic fluorimetric determination of promethazine by a stopped- flow mixing technique, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.11, 893-900.
Regulska, E., Tarasiewicz, M. & Puzanowska T.H. (2002): Extractive-spectrophotometric determination of some Phenothiazines with dipicrylamine and picric acid. J. pharm.Biomed.Anal.27, 335-342.
Salah, M. I. & Yoong, C.S. (1993): Chromatographic Method for Separation and Determination of Promethazine HCl in Pharmaceutical doses.J.Phys.Sci.4,
55-60.
Saleh, O., El-Azzouny, A., Aboul-Enein, H. & Badawy, A. M. (20090: A Validated HPLC Method for Separation and Determination of Promethazine Enantiomers in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm.35, 19-23.
Shadi Asadollahi, M.D., Kamran Heidari, M.D., Reza Vafaee, M.D., Mohammad Mahdi, M.D., Afshin Amini, M.D. & Ali Shahrami, M.D. (2000): Promethazine Plus Sumatriptan in the Treatment of Migraine: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. p.12259.
Sultan, S. M. & Suliman, F. (1992): Application of super modified simplex optimization to the flow- injection spectrophotometric determination of promethazine hydrochloride in drug formulations. Anal.Sci.8, 841-849.
Sultan, S.M. Hassan, Y.A.M. & Abulkibash, A.M. (2003): Chemiluminescence assay of promethazine hydrochloride using
acidic permanganate employing flow injection mode operated with syringe and peristaltic pumps. Talanta 59(6) (2003) 1073-1079.
Taylor, G. & Houston, J.B. (1982): Simultaneous determination of promethazine and two of its circulating metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. B
23, 194-201.
Tepper, S.J., Rapoport, A.M. & Sheftell, F.D. (2002): mechanism of action of the 5-HT1D/1B receptor agonist. Arch Neurol. 59 (7), 1084-
1089.
The British Pharmacopoeia (2009), Her Majesty’s Stationary Office. London, pp.5010, 5013, 9844,
9848.
Theia'a, N. A. Nie, R.A. & Mona, I.I. (2006): Spectrophotometric Determination of Promethazine hydrochloride via Oxidative Coupling Reaction with Sulfanilic Acid. J. of P. & App.Sci. 22, 321-
329.
Yongnian, LW.N. & Kokot, S. (2001): Voltammetric determination of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride with the use of multivariate calibration. Anal. Chim. Acta 439, 159-165.
936.
Al-Rufaie, M.M., Al-Sharefy, A.N. & Kathem, K.H. (2013): New spectrophotometric method for the determination chlorpromazine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations by using oxidative coupling reaction. Inter. J. of Uni. Pharmacy and Bio Sciences 2(4),
19-26.
Al-Rufaie, M. M. (2016): New spectrophotometric method for the determination of Sulfamethoxazole drug. W. J. of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. 5(3), 172-
180.
Al-Rufaie, M.M. (2016): Modern kinetic spectrophotometric procedure for estimation of furosemide drug as bulk form and in pharmaceuticals preparations. Curr. Issues Pharm. Med. Sci. 29(4), 184-190.
Al-Rufaie, M.M., Al-labban, H. M.Y. & Salih, N.S. (2017): Reduction and assessment of chloramphenicol antibiotic as pure from and in various kinds of pharmaceuticals by utilizing spectrophotometric approach. Iran. J. of Org. Chem.
9(2), 2087-2092.
AL-Ward, H. S. (2005): Spectrophotometric micro determination of promethazine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations via oxidative coupling reaction with sulphanilamide and
in the presence of ferric chloride. Journal of Um-Salama for Science
2, 110-119.
Ahmed K. H., Bahruddin, A. Sulaiman S.
& Rohana A. (2011): Ionophore- Based Potentiometric Sensors for the Flow-Injection Ionophore- Based Potentiometric Sensors for the Flow-Injection "Determination of promethazine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Human Urine.J. Sensors. 11(1),
1028-1132.
Basavaiah K. (2004): Determination of some psychotropic phenothiazine drugs by charge-transfer complication reaction with chloranil acid.IIFarmaco 59, 315-
322.
Baxter, R.I., Svehla, G. Kerr, B. & Woolfson A.D. (1984): Determination of promethazine by anodic differential pulse voltammetry. Anal. Chim. Acta 64,
171-176.
Calatayud, J. M. & Sancho T.G. (1992): Spectrophotometric determination of promethazine by flow-injection analysis and oxidation by Ce IV. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 10, 7-13.
Calatayud, J. M, Sarrion, S.N., Sampedro A.S., & Benito C.G. (1992): Determination of promethazine hydrochloride with bromophenol blue by a turbid metric method and flow injection analysis. Microchem. J.45, 129-137.
Daniel, D. & Gutz I.G.R. (2003): Flow injection spectroelectro analytical method for the determination of promethazine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations. Anal. Chim. Acta.494 (1-2), 215-222.
Hanaa, K.A.T., Al-Rufaie, M.M. & Zahraa, Y.M. (2018): Spectrophotometric determination of metoclopramide medicine in bulk form and in pharmaceuticals using orcinol as reagent. Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 29 (2), 85-89.
Hemn, A.Q. & Nabil, A. F. (2017): Spectrophotometric Determination of Promethazine Hydrochloride in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. ZANCO J. of Pure and Applied Sci.29 (s4), 107,118.
Howard, C.A., Loyd, V. A. & Nicholas, G.
P. (1990): Pharmaceutical dosage forms and Drug Delivery Systems, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, p.51.
Ibrahim, E.A., Issa, A.S., Abdel salam, M.A. & Mahrous, M.S. (1983): The use of chloranil for spectrophotometric determination of some tranquillizers and antidepressants. Talanta 30, 531-
540.
Jawad, A.A. & K. H. Kathem (2013): Spectrophotometric determination of metoclopramide hydrochloride in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations by diazotization- coupling reaction. Inter. J. of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5, 294-299.
Khaleda, H. A. & Zainab, W. A. (2011): Construction of promethazine Hydrochloride Selective Electrode in a PVC matrix Membrane. J. of AL-Nahrain University- Sci. 14(4),
11-17.
Kubacak, P., Mikus, P., Valaskova I. & Havranek, E. (2005): Determination of promethazine hydrochloride in pharmaceuticals by capillary isotachophoresis.
Methods Findings Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 27, 529-531.
Muijselaar, P.G.H.M., Claessens H.A. & Cramers, C.A. (1996): Determination of structurally related Phenothiazines by capillary zone electrophoresis and micellar electro kinetic chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 735, 395-401.
Nabil, S. N., Shahbaz, A. M.S. & Bashaer, A. A. (2008): Preparation and Potentiometric Study of promethazine Hydrochloride Selective Electrodes and Their Use in Determining Some Drugs. Turk J Chem.32, 539-544.
Najim, A. S., Nief, R.A. & Mona, I.I. (2006): spectrophotometric determination of promethazine hydrochloride VIA oxidative coupling reaction with sulfanilic acid. App.Sci.3, 1-8.
Nina, A. & Zahra, R. (2012): Extractive Spectrophotometric determination of Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole AND Fluconazole by ion –pair complex formation with bromothymol blue and picric acid. J. Chil. Chem. Soc.57 (2), 1104-
1111.
Pena, L. D. L., Gomez-Hens, A. & Perez- Bendito, D. (1993): Kinetic fluorimetric determination of promethazine by a stopped- flow mixing technique, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal.11, 893-900.
Regulska, E., Tarasiewicz, M. & Puzanowska T.H. (2002): Extractive-spectrophotometric determination of some Phenothiazines with dipicrylamine and picric acid. J. pharm.Biomed.Anal.27, 335-342.
Salah, M. I. & Yoong, C.S. (1993): Chromatographic Method for Separation and Determination of Promethazine HCl in Pharmaceutical doses.J.Phys.Sci.4,
55-60.
Saleh, O., El-Azzouny, A., Aboul-Enein, H. & Badawy, A. M. (20090: A Validated HPLC Method for Separation and Determination of Promethazine Enantiomers in Pharmaceutical Formulations. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm.35, 19-23.
Shadi Asadollahi, M.D., Kamran Heidari, M.D., Reza Vafaee, M.D., Mohammad Mahdi, M.D., Afshin Amini, M.D. & Ali Shahrami, M.D. (2000): Promethazine Plus Sumatriptan in the Treatment of Migraine: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Wiley Periodicals, Inc. p.12259.
Sultan, S. M. & Suliman, F. (1992): Application of super modified simplex optimization to the flow- injection spectrophotometric determination of promethazine hydrochloride in drug formulations. Anal.Sci.8, 841-849.
Sultan, S.M. Hassan, Y.A.M. & Abulkibash, A.M. (2003): Chemiluminescence assay of promethazine hydrochloride using
acidic permanganate employing flow injection mode operated with syringe and peristaltic pumps. Talanta 59(6) (2003) 1073-1079.
Taylor, G. & Houston, J.B. (1982): Simultaneous determination of promethazine and two of its circulating metabolites by high performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. B
23, 194-201.
Tepper, S.J., Rapoport, A.M. & Sheftell, F.D. (2002): mechanism of action of the 5-HT1D/1B receptor agonist. Arch Neurol. 59 (7), 1084-
1089.
The British Pharmacopoeia (2009), Her Majesty’s Stationary Office. London, pp.5010, 5013, 9844,
9848.
Theia'a, N. A. Nie, R.A. & Mona, I.I. (2006): Spectrophotometric Determination of Promethazine hydrochloride via Oxidative Coupling Reaction with Sulfanilic Acid. J. of P. & App.Sci. 22, 321-
329.
Yongnian, LW.N. & Kokot, S. (2001): Voltammetric determination of chlorpromazine hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride with the use of multivariate calibration. Anal. Chim. Acta 439, 159-165.