PRAGMATISM AND SYMBOLISM IN MALAY TRADITIONAL ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE: KAMPUNG TUAN MOSQUE PRAGMATISME DAN SIMBOLISME SENI BINA ISLAMIK MELAYU TRADISIONAL: MASJID KAMPUNG LAUT

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Saleha Hanim Mastura Mohd Nasir
Nur Yuhanis Mohd Nasir
Nursham Abdul Aziz

Abstract

Mosque is one of the common architecture in Malaysia since the country itself is an Islamic country. The designs vary; some were made based on the onion-shaped dome which is an influence from the Mughal’s empire and others were made as a landmark for a certain area. The design of enormous domes, tall minarets, and huge scale space can be considered as typical mosque layout but some traditional mosques had been altered from its original layout which messed up the philosophy behind the initial structures. Although it can be understood that renovations of adding new elements and spaces to the original layout is to accommodate the current population, it is still important to preserve as well as to conserve the traditional and heritage values of these buildings as they represent the early Islamic architecture of Malaysia. This paper will take a depth on the study of mosques architecture in Terengganu, one of the states located in the East side of Malaysia which have a number of mosques range from the 1800s to 1900s. Many were made as vernacular architecture with influences from the Middle East countries designs along with the injection of the Islamic principles and values. For the purpose of this paper, a traditional mosque situated in Kampung Tuan is focused as the main subject. The pragmatic concept and symbolic meaning behind the building components is elaborate in relation with Islamic values.
Keywords: pragmatism and symbolism, mosque architecture, building components and elements.


Masjid adalah seni bina yang banyak terdapat di Malaysia memandangkan negara ini adalah sebuah negara Islam. Terdapat pelbagai variasi pada seni bina masjid; ada yang berkubah seperti bentuk bawang, iaitu bentuk yang dipengaruhi dari empayar Mughal dan ada masjid yang dibina sebagai mercu tanda sesebuah kawasan. Seni bina masjid dengan kubah besar, menara yang tinggi dan ruang legar yang luas boleh dianggap sebagai rekaan susun atur yang biasa dibuat untuk masjid namun akibat dari kerja baik-pulih, terdapat beberapa masjid lama yang telah diubah. Sebagai akibat, falsafah di sebalik struktur awal masjid tradisional itu juga terkesan. Walaupun kerja pengubahsuaian adalah perlu bagi menampung keperluan masyarakat semasa, namun aspek pemeliharaan serta pemuliharaan nilai tradisi perlu diambil kira kerana seni bina tersebut adalah warisan seni bina Islam awal di Malaysia. Kertas kerja ini meninjau seni bina masjid di Terengganu, sebuah negeri di Pantai Timur Malaysia yang mempunyai beberapa masjid dari tahun 1880-an hingga 1900-an. Kebanyakan masjid tersebut adalah seni bina vernakular (tempatan) dengan pengaruh dari negara Timur Tengah dan mempunyai suntikan prinsip serta nilai Islam. Kertas kerja ini menumpukan Masjid Kampung Tuan yang terletak di Kemaman sebagai subjek utama dengan membincangkan konsep pragmatik dan maksud simbolik komponen binaan masjid tersebut serta kaitannya dengan nilai Islam.
Kata kunci: pragmatisme dan simbolisme, seni bina masjid, elemen dan komponen binaan.

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How to Cite
Mohd Nasir, S. H. M., Mohd Nasir, N. Y., & Abdul Aziz, N. (2017). PRAGMATISM AND SYMBOLISM IN MALAY TRADITIONAL ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE: KAMPUNG TUAN MOSQUE: PRAGMATISME DAN SIMBOLISME SENI BINA ISLAMIK MELAYU TRADISIONAL: MASJID KAMPUNG LAUT. Jurnal Pengajian Melayu (JOMAS), 26(1), 203–234. Retrieved from https://mjs.um.edu.my/index.php/JPM/article/view/9701
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